The ABC's of Type 2 Diabetes

If you have type 2 diabetes, you’re at higher risk for heart disease and other complications. But there are steps you can take to reduce your risk—and understanding them is as easy as A-B-C. To help maintain your type 2 diabetes eat plenty fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods. Exercise most days of the week for at least 30 minutes. Most importantly take any medicines as prescribed by your doctor.

A – Keep your A1C levels less than 7%

• Your A1C level (your average blood sugar level for the past 2–3 months) should be less than 7%.
• You should have an A1C test every 3 to 6 months.

• You should continue to self-test your blood sugar levels regularly, such as before meals, 1–2 hours after meals, and at bedtime.

B – Keep blood pressure levels less than 130/80 mm Hg

By taking control of your blood pressure, you’ll help prevent putting too much strain on your heart, blood vessels, eyes, and kidneys. If you have type 2 diabetes, keeping your blood pressure less than 130/80 mm Hg can help:

• Stop your blood from pushing too hard against the vessel walls throughout your body.
• Keep your heart from working too hard.
• Reduce your risk of heart attacks and stroke.

C – Keep cholesterol and blood fats (triglycerides) under control

Take control of the amount of blood fats (called triglycerides) and cholesterol in your blood to prevent clogging your arteries, which can lead to heart disease. You should be aware of three things with cholesterol and blood fats:

1. HDL cholesterol is often called “good cholesterol.”
2. LDL cholesterol is often called “bad cholesterol.”
3. Triglycerides are also known as blood fats